Figure 7.

Model representing the signaling pathway of G17-induced migration. Stimulation of G17/CCK2R pathway leads to activation of two separate signaling axes: (i) an activation of MLK3/JNK1 axis, which via activation of its downstream transcription factor c-Jun induces MMP7 transcription leading to increased migration; (ii) an induction of GSK3β^Ser9 phosphorylation (inhibition of axis) via a PI3Kinase-independent (and yet unknown) mechanism. This leads to an increase in Snail protein expression and β-catenin nuclear translocation, combination of which lead to increased MMP7 transcription and cell migration.